•The course deals with the various institutions established for the correction and rehabilitation of offenders e.g. prisons, detention centers, and approved schools. It also deals with the history of penological thought, particularly the philosophical background of the penal system. It involves a critical analysis of penal institutions across cultures, with special attention paid to the need to establish the institutions and their physical economic, social, and human features.
•It examines the objective of punishment in the light of modern penological concepts with particular emphasis on the Nigerian situation.  The course also evaluates the role of the institution within particular cultures and across cultures.